Definitely not!
Higher search engine ranking depends on the keyword search. So if your site is (say..) ibm.com, and you make a search for "Happy endings", for sure IBM will not rank high. However, IBM.com site has a high traffic because it's got a great brand name (on and offline).
Perhaps a better question is to figure out...if your site is ranked high for your selected keywords, will that lead to higher traffic?
food for thought.. 